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"A Journey Beyond the Three Seas". Nikitin's work was the first Russian work to accurately describe a trade and non-religious journey. The famous Russian historian N.M. Karamzin opened "The Voyage Beyond Three Seas" in the Trinity List and published excerpts from it in the notes to Volume VI of "History of the Russian State".
Nikitin's recordings are very curious. Apart from the fact that the author introduces us to the culture and history of the peoples he has visited, he has left us an interesting monument of Russian speech. What is surprising about it is that Afanasiy, when he talks about his travels, sometimes goes from Russian to some kind of gibberish that is impossible to understand. But you can translate it knowing the Turkic languages.
Unusual in the notes of the Russian traveller is the frequent reference to Allah, whom he calls Ollo. Moreover, he repeatedly uses the traditional Muslim "Allah Akbar", which clearly shows which god he addresses. Here is a typical prayer tirade for the whole text, in which, as elsewhere, Russian speech alternates with non-Russian:
"Ollo hudo, Ollo ak, Ollo ty, Ollo akber, Ollo ragym, Ollo kerim, Ollo ragym elelo, Ollo karim ello, tangresen, hudosensen. Boz edin, ty tsar slavy, tvorets nebu i zemli."
We see the translation:
"O Lord God, true God, you are God, great God. God is merciful. God is merciful, you are the most merciful and merciful God. Lord God. God is one, then the king of glory, creator of heaven and earth."
The translator obviously failed to cope with the Nikitin "Ollo", and Allah turned into a politically correct God, and the original text thus lost one of its meanings. Reading "A Journey Beyond the Three Seas" in such a translation, it is no longer possible to see the originality and uniqueness of old Russian culture, and how wrong our ideas about ancient Orthodoxy are.
Almost at the very end of the story, Afanasiy uses his traditional exclamations, among them the Muslim "Allah Akbar" and Christian "Amen", that is, according to our ideas, mixes the incompatible:
"Milostieyu Bozhiey preidoh zhe tri morya. Diger Hudo dono, Ollo pervodiger dano. Amen! Smilna rahmam ragim. Ollo akber, akshi Hudo, ilello aksh Hodo. Isa ruhoalo, aaliksolom. Ollo akber. A ilyagailya ilello."
The last phrase in this passage is the classic "There is no God but Allah", but in translation we see something quite different: "There is no God but God". In essence, it is the same, but the Islamic character of the author's faith becomes invisible.
The last page of the manuscript
He concludes his notes with a prayer, which strengthens his thoughts that the Tver merchant Afanasy Nikitin has changed his previous beliefs. Amazingly, in the last few hours Nikitin mentions phrases that a righteous Muslim would repeat before his death. The final prayer in "A Journey Beyond the Three Seas" by Afanasy Nikitin consists of three parts: 1) general glorification of God, 2) distorted by the writing of the glorification of Allah according to the 22-23 ayats of the 59th surah of the Koran, and 3) an error-free and fairly accurate list of epithets of Allah from the 4th to the 31st "name".
Here it is (brought in line with Trinity Exodus):
«Ollo pervodigyr! Milostie zhe Bozheyu proeidoh zhe tri morya. Digir Hudo dono, Ollo pervodigir dono. Amen! Smilna rahmam ragym. Ollo akber, akshi Hudo, illello akshi hodo. Isa - ruhollo, aliksolom. Ollo akber. La ilyagilya ill Ollo. Ollo pervodiger. Ahamdu lillo, shukur hudo afatad. Bisminagi rahmam rragym. Huvo mugu llyzi, lya ilyaga il-llya guya alimul gyabi va shagadati. Hua rahmanu ragymu, huvo mogu lyazi. Lya ilyaga il-lya gua. Almeliku, alkudosu, asalomu, almuminu, almugaminu, alyazazu, alchebaru, almutaanibiru, alhaliku, albariuyu, almusaviry, alkafaru, alkaharu, alvahadu, alrazaku, alfaiagu, alalimu, alkabiru, albasutu, alhafizu, alerrafiu, almavifu, almuzilu, alsimiyu, alvasiryu, alakamu, aladyulyu, alyatufu!»
[In the name of Allah the Merciful, Merciful! Allah is great, Good God. Jesus is the spirit of Allah, peace be upon him. Allah is great. There is no God but Allah. The Lord is a thinker. Praise be to Allah, thanks be to God Almighty. In the name of Allah, the merciful, merciful. He is God, except for whom there is no God, who knows everything hidden and obvious. He is merciful, merciful. He has no one like Him. There is no God but Him. He is the Ruler, the Holy One, the World, the Guardian, the Evaluator of Good and Evil, the Almighty, the Healer, the Exalted, the Creator, the Creator, the Imaginator, the Permitter from Sins, the Carator, Resolution of all difficulties, Nourishing, Victorious, Omniscient, Punishing, Correcting, Preserving, Exalting, Forgiving, Neglecting, Hearing, Omniscient, Omniscient, Right, Just, Good].
http://kodeks.uni-bamberg.de/Russia/Texts/AfanasijNikitin-TroickijSpisok1.htm
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