I think I've heard almost every argument at this point, I'll just break down a bunch of them and explain why they suck. There are some arguments that are so bad that I'm not even going to bother mentioning them, like the sun settings in murky water. I'm only going to post what I feel are the hardest arguments to address:
1) "Multiple Qur'ans" - the argument of their being multiple qiraa'at, there are also tons of sub arguments that fall under the umbrella of this topic, upon examination - all of them very weak arguments. All of them are easily answered without even getting too deep into our tradition and what the scholars wrote, in fact most arguments can be refuted with a couple hadith.
2) Alexander the Great - the idea that the Qur'an ripped off this old tale. A couple points to mention, I don't know of any scholars who claim this character was Alexander the Great. Next, it is a very easy argument to refute as it presupposes that whatever manuscripts we have of this story aren't the actual rip off. Lastly, there is a Muslim who is a secular academic that broke the Qur'an verses down and compared them to Syriac manuscripts, the only ones that the Arab's at the time would have access to, and it shows that the cognates that are shared between the two languages are not seen in both the Qur'an and manuscripts.
I really recommend reading this article. It was so good, in fact, that I had to save it to my computer, if it ever gets lost. A fatal blow to the failure that is western secular academia. Even though my previous argument was enough, like I said, this article is the fatal blow to western academia.
"As Arabic and Syriac are related languages sharing many cognates between them, one would expect some overlap in the language of the Dhū-lQarnayn narrative and the Legend. More precisely, if a Syriac word occurring in a specific context within the Legend has an Arabic cognate with the same meaning, one would expect the Arabic cognate to also occur in the corresponding context in the narrative of Q 18:83-99. For example, we notice that Alexander describes himself as being given “horns”, qarne. This cognate is found in a similar context in the Dhū-lQarnayn narrative in the very name of the protagonist. One would expect that a small amount of linguistic similarity may come about in each text independently, especially if the overlapping cognates are commonly used in both languages66. On the other hand, a high frequency of shared cognates would indicate a direct relationship between the two texts, while an absence of such would be evidence against a direct relationship. It is the latter scenario that is exhibited when reading these two texts carefully."
3) The problem of evil - I have yet to hear a definition of evil that's not based in subjectivism. I can merely say what one person says is evil is good to me, and the other side would have to appeal to consistency to have any sort of argument - a fallacy.
4) Free will and predetermination - I have yet to see any atheist explain the causal relation that makes the two contradictory
5) Qur'an imitability. The claim is that the Qur'an does not set any objective criteria. This is false and shows that there was zero thought put into this argument, just parroting what someone has heard from others.
Lets take the smallest chapter of the Qur'an:
Take ten words in any language, formulated into three lines or verses, and add any preposition or linguistic particle you see fit. Produce at least twenty-seven rhetorical devices and literary features. At the same time, ensure it has a unique structure.
Ensure each line or verse ends with a rhyme, created by words with the most optimal meanings.
You must use ten letters in each line and ten letters only once in the entire three lines. Throughout the whole piece, make sure you produce a semantically oriented rhythm, without sacrificing any meaning.
Sounds completely objective to me.
Anyways, those were a few argument that I found the most compelling against Islam, and what's amazing, سبحان الله is that I didn't even dive deep into our tradition to refute these arguments. I haven't open the books of Imam Ahmed, shaykul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, etc, the great scholars of Islam who have wrote extensively and in detail on these subjects. I managed to refute them with basic google searches. In sha Allah, in 3 years time, I plan to go to Saudi to actually study the deen with all of it's richness in the Land of Tawheed.
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