Please feel free to correct me if you find any mistake in my general understanding of Islam below.
We've been created for a single purpose, and that is to worship Allah. In order for us to fulfill that purpose, Allah has built in us several tools. These tools have to be guided by the only thing that can guide, and that is the quran and the hadith.
Our sense of seeing and hearing is a tool. Our tongue is a tool. Our limbs is a tool. Our desire is a tool. Our heart and intellectual reasoning is a tool. Our fitrah—or primordial nature in english, is a tool. All of these needs to be guided.
The journey of human life has always been about guiding the tools that Allah has bestowed upon us. And through guiding them, the purpose of his/her creation can be achieved.
Not only that, He also created the perfect environment for us to guide our tools. The heaven, the earth, and everything in between is filled with signs of God. The quran is also filled with signs of God. When the two signs of God are met, it will become clear in the chest of those who have knowledge that the one who put these signs in the heaven and the earth is the same one who sent down the quran. When this conclusion has been reached, it is a crystal clear in the chest of those who have knowledge that:
There is no God but Allah, Muhammad is His messenger, and the holy Quran came from His side.
Every single branch of science is actually about studying the signs of God at it's core. But then somewhere in the history, the journey of seeking knowledge has forgotten it's essence and it's initial purpose. The quran is there to remind us back the essence and the initial purpose of seeking knowledge. Which is why the quran talks a lot about many heavenly bodies and a lot of things in the nature, it also talks about history of people of the past, it talks about tradition and social issue, then it connected all those things back to Allah—subhāna wa ta'āla, to remind us back that:
"Hey, you've been looking for the signs of God your entire lifetime, all of these that surrounded you are the signs of God. So would you be reminded?"
Just like there are people who have guided the tools that have been given to them, the opposite is also true. There are also people who have not guided their tools properly. And we see the clashes between the two everyday.
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a fitra that has been guided will clash with a fitra that hasn't been guided.
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a desire that has been guided will clash with a desire that hasn't been guided.
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a sense of seeing and hearing that have been guided will clash a sense of seeing and hearing that haven't been guided.
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a heart that has been guided will clash with a heart that hasn't been guided.
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a set of limbs that has been guided will clash with a set of limbs that hasn't been guided.
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a tongue that has been guided will clash with a tongue that hasn't been guided.
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an intellectual reasoning that has been guided will clash with an intellectual reasoning that hasn't been guided.
The classic example for the clash between a guided intellectual reasoning with an unguided intellectual reasoning can be found at the science of Philosophy.
The real essence of Philosophy is actually intellectual reasoning trying to reach the unseen world without the guidance of the unseen. While a guided intellectual reasoning is trying to reach the unseen world with the guidance of the unseen.
The both are trying exactly the same. Trying to reach and understand the unseen world. One of them with the help of guidance, and the other without the help of guidance.
There is a reason why intellectual reasoning needs to be guided by the guidance.
Intellectual reasoning will try to reach and understand everything, but it failed to question one thing. Can intellectual reasoning itself understand everything? Brain will stop developing at certain ages, meaning the capability of intellectual reasoning will also stop developing the moment the brain stops developing. In other word, there is limit to what human mind can comprehend.
Philosophy will teach us how to understand everything through intellectual reasoning. But with the existence of axiom, undeniable fact that brain could not understand everything; essentially it defeated it's own purpose.
Simply knowing this should tell us that Philosophy should not be used as a reliable methodology to understand the attributes of God. There are other much more reliable methods to comprehend God, and that is through the signs that He has scattered all over the world—including in your own body, and through the holy book that he has sent to us, and through the hadith—the saying, of His messenger.
There are so many things that can be said here regarding the clash between the guided and the unguided, regarding the details of guiding the tools that Allah has bestowed upon us. I think you got the point.
If you would like to add something, please do so!
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