Is there separation between islam and culture? And are there different interpretations of islam in some aspects?

Asking out of humble interest: A few points that are common questions I hear, that has been clearly and easily answered to me recently, yet differs from what I've learned in the past:

Is there a seperation between islam and culture? Do different cultures practise different interpretations, and are they still islam if some aspects are not taken literally and formally?

Is it possible to interpret Qur'an in different ways?

Is it possible to break norms and be muslim?

Is it possible to be muslim and immoral?

How should nonbelievers be treated and respected?

Are nonbelievers bad people?

Is islam forgiving and kind? Is the community forgiving and kind? Is this (community) the same as the Qur'an teaching forgiveness and kindness?

Which sins make one no longer muslim? Are there different interpretations to this? Can one commit those acts and still consider oneself muslim (or is the community a requirement)?

Does the Qur'an have clear answers to everything? Are there differing studies? Do interpretations develop as eras change?

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